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“... In​ 2004, the political theorist Françoise Vergès decided to go to Martinique to interview Aimé Césaire, the poet, politician, anticolonialist and co-founder of the négritude movement. She was surprised to discover that most of her acquaintances in Paris hadn’t heard of him, or ‘thought he was dead ...”

“... The Martiniquan poet and ideologue of négritude, Aimé Césaire, celebrated the sons and daughters of Africa as Ceux qui n’ont inventé ni la poudre ni la boussole ceux qui n’ont jamais su dompter la vapeur ni l’électricité ceux qui n’ont exploré ni les mers ni le ciel Césaire was too modest ...”

“... and his fellow assimilés in the Caribbean were Frenchmen. Fanon’s fellow Martinican, the poet Aimé Césaire, had made the same discovery. Césaire, whom Fanon briefly met as a teacher at the Lycée Schoelcher, had been educated in Paris, where he encountered an attractive mixture of Marxism, Surrealism and ...”

“... them inspirational heroism), and its sense of tragedy. Born in 1920, between the poet Aimé Césaire (1913) and Frantz Fanon (1925), Memmi shared their opposition to colonial domination and took part in the anti-colonial struggle. But unlike Césaire and Fanon, whose writing celebrated revolt, Memmi saw ...”

“... itself from the deaths. That isn’t a problem when the bodies disappear beneath the waves. As Aimé Césaire once wrote, ‘Europe is ...”

“... their net wide and do well at choosing particular moments to represent wider trends. A video of Aimé Césaire taken at the First World Festival of Black Arts, a month-long Pan-African festival held in Dakar in April 1966, opens the show. Twenty-five thousand people attended talks, dance, music and theatre, and it attracted superstars from the ...”

“... came from a tiny island in the Caribbean that never decolonised. Martinique – the birthplace of Aimé Césaire and Frantz Fanon – was indifferent to the project of national sovereignty, preferring to remain a French ‘overseas department’. Fanon committed himself to the grander project of decolonisation in Africa: The Wretched of the Earth was ...”

“... symbolised by such figures as Fanon and his fellow radical Martiniquan intellectual Aimé Césaire – and indeed the Argentinian Communist Che Guevara. Much of the Third Worldist engagement in what was happening elsewhere was an inquisitive solidarity that sprang from shared colonial experience: a sense, as the Barbadian writer George ...”

“... more provocative arguments. The first is that some contexts, such as the Caribbean of Suzanne and Aimé Césaire, were always already Surrealist, founded as hybrid cultures and so intrinsically open to the collaging of images and ideas – an assumption that might risk a primitivism of its own. The second, derived from the Brazilian writer Oswald de ...”

“... français’ or ‘Mon dieu, mon dieu, comme vous êtes foncés.’ Marie-Sophie later petitions Aimé Césaire, the poet and champion of negritude, for help, and an interesting ambiguity crops up. Marie-Sophie was overwhelmed by Césaire’s election as mayor of Fort-de-France in 1945, because he was black and on the ...”

“... theatre were the perfect vehicle for commentary on three decades of oppression.Hannah Arendt and Aimé Césaire used the metaphor of the boomerang to explain the relationship between antisemitism and colonialism. European fascism, Nazi totalitarianism and the Holocaust were, as they saw it, the homecoming of the racism and violence that European empires ...”

“... Jewish question’, in spite of the integration of Jews in the West, has yet to be resolved. As Aimé Césaire told Frantz Fanon, ‘when you hear someone insulting the Jews, pay attention, he is talking about you.’ Antisemitism in the US is of no structural significance: it does not prejudice Jewish opportunity, as racism does for black ...”

“... born of necessity rather than theory – not unlike the surrealism of the Martinican poet Aimé Césaire, whose epic Notebook of a Return to the Native Land was discovered by André Breton in a haberdashery shop in Fort-de-France. Suddenly, Wright could see parallels with his grandmother’s ‘ardent and volatile religious disposition’, which ...”

“... Ivory and interminable documentaries, coffee-table books, fashion accessories. By now Fanon and Aimé Césaire were reread as ambivalent Lacanian theorists caught up in all sorts of mirror games and secret flirtations with the white man. Nationalism, which had earlier mobilised vast numbers of people in the name of liberation, was now reconfigured as ...”

“... of poets, intellectuals and artists whose work she presented or adapted for the screen includes Aimé Césaire and Léon-Gontran Damas, founders of the négritude movement, and their fellow Caribbean poet René Depestre; the Cuban artist Wifredo Lam; the French poet Louis Aragon; the French photographer Robert Doisneau; the Russian-Mexican painter ...”